README

A modern, type-safe wrapper for PHP's parallel extension providing a clean object-oriented API for parallel programming.

Requirements

PHP 8.4 or higher with ZTS (Zend Thread Safety) enabled
ext-parallel installed and enabled

Installation

composer require duyler/parallel

Features

Type-safe interfaces for all components
Exception handling with custom exception hierarchy
Clean OOP API following SOLID principles
Full support for Runtime, Future, Channel, and Events
Comprehensive test coverage

Quick Start

Basic Runtime Usage

use Duyler\Parallel\Runtime;

$runtime = new Runtime();

$future = $runtime->run(function () {
    return 42;
});

$result = $future->value();
echo $result; // 42

$runtime->close();

Using the Facade

use Duyler\Parallel\Parallel;

$future = Parallel::run(function ($x, $y) {
    return $x + $y;
}, [10, 20]);

echo $future->value(); // 30

Using Runtime Pool

use Duyler\Parallel\RuntimePool;

$pool = new RuntimePool(maxRuntimes: 4);

$futures = [];
for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
    $futures[] = $pool->run(fn($n) => $n * $n, [$i]);
}

foreach ($futures as $future) {
    echo $future->value() . PHP_EOL;
}

$pool->closeAll();

Using Workflow Builder

use Duyler\Parallel\WorkflowBuilder;

$result = (new WorkflowBuilder())
    ->addChannel('input', 10)
    ->addTask('task1', fn($ch) => processTask1($ch), [$inputChannel])
    ->addTask('task2', fn($ch) => processTask2($ch), [$inputChannel])
    ->execute();

$results = $result->waitAll();
$result->closeAll();

Working with Channels

use Duyler\Parallel\Channel;
use Duyler\Parallel\Runtime;

$channel = Channel::createBuffered(10);

$runtime = new Runtime();
$future = $runtime->run(function ($ch) {
    for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
        $ch->send($i * $i);
    }
}, [$channel]);

for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
    echo $channel->recv() . PHP_EOL;
}

$runtime->close();

Event Loop

use Duyler\Parallel\Events;
use Duyler\Parallel\Runtime;

$runtime1 = new Runtime();
$runtime2 = new Runtime();

$future1 = $runtime1->run(function () {
    return 'task1';
});

$future2 = $runtime2->run(function () {
    return 'task2';
});

$events = new Events();
$events->addFuture('f1', $future1);
$events->addFuture('f2', $future2);

while ($event = $events->poll()) {
    echo "Task {$event->source} completed with: {$event->value}" . PHP_EOL;
}

Named Channels

use Duyler\Parallel\Channel;

$channel1 = Channel::make('my-channel', 10);
$channel2 = Channel::open('my-channel');

$channel1->send('Hello from channel 1');
echo $channel2->recv(); // Hello from channel 1

API Documentation

Runtime

Creates and manages a parallel execution context.

$runtime = new Runtime(?string $bootstrap = null);
$future = $runtime->run(Closure $task, array $argv = []): FutureInterface;
$runtime->close(): void;
$runtime->kill(): void;

RuntimePool

Manages a pool of Runtime instances for better performance.

$pool = new RuntimePool(int $maxRuntimes = 4, ?string $bootstrap = null);
$future = $pool->run(Closure $task, array $argv = []): FutureInterface;
$pool->closeAll(): void;
$pool->killAll(): void;
$pool->getSize(): int;
$pool->getMaxSize(): int;

WorkflowBuilder

Builds complex workflows with multiple tasks and channels.

$builder = new WorkflowBuilder();
$builder->withBootstrap(string $bootstrap): WorkflowBuilder;
$builder->withRuntime(RuntimeInterface $runtime): WorkflowBuilder;
$builder->addTask(string $name, Closure $task, array $argv = []): WorkflowBuilder;
$builder->addChannel(string $name, int $capacity = 0): WorkflowBuilder;
$result = $builder->execute(): WorkflowResult;

// WorkflowResult methods
$result->getFuture(string $name): ?FutureInterface;
$result->getChannel(string $name): ?ChannelInterface;
$result->getFutures(): array;
$result->getChannels(): array;
$result->waitAll(): array;
$result->closeAll(): void;

Future

Represents the result of a parallel task.

$value = $future->value(): mixed;
$isDone = $future->done(): bool;
$isCancelled = $future->cancelled(): bool;
$cancelled = $future->cancel(): bool;

Channel

Bidirectional communication channel between tasks.

$channel = Channel::create(): ChannelInterface;
$channel = Channel::createBuffered(int $capacity): ChannelInterface;
$channel = Channel::make(string $name, int $capacity = 0): ChannelInterface;
$channel = Channel::open(string $name): ChannelInterface;

$channel->send(mixed $value): void;
$value = $channel->recv(): mixed;
$channel->close(): void;

Events

Event loop for monitoring multiple Futures and Channels.

$events = new Events();
$events->addFuture(string $name, FutureInterface $future): void;
$events->addChannel(ChannelInterface $channel): void;
$events->remove(string $name): void;
$events->setBlocking(bool $blocking): void;
$events->setTimeout(int $timeout): void;
$event = $events->poll(): ?Event;

Event

Result from Events::poll().

$event->type: Type; // Read, Write, Close, Cancel, Kill, Error
$event->source: string;
$event->object: object; // Future or Channel
$event->value: mixed;

Exception Handling

All exceptions from ext-parallel are wrapped in custom exception classes:

ParallelException - Base exception class
CancellationException - Task was cancelled
ClosedException - Runtime or Channel was closed
ForeignException - Exception thrown in parallel task
IllegalValueException - Invalid or non-serializable value
TimeoutException - Operation timed out
BootstrapException - Bootstrap file error

use Duyler\Parallel\Exception\ForeignException;
use Duyler\Parallel\Runtime;

try {
    $runtime = new Runtime();
    $future = $runtime->run(function () {
        throw new \Exception('Error in task');
    });
    $future->value();
} catch (ForeignException $e) {
    echo "Task failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}

Type Safety

All components implement interfaces for better type safety and testability:

RuntimeInterface
FutureInterface
ChannelInterface
EventsInterface
WrapperInterface

use Duyler\Parallel\Contract\RuntimeInterface;

function processTask(RuntimeInterface $runtime): void {
    $future = $runtime->run(function () {
        return 'result';
    });
    echo $future->value();
}

Testing

Run tests using PHPUnit:

vendor/bin/phpunit

Run static analysis:

vendor/bin/psalm

Run code style fixer:

vendor/bin/php-cs-fixer fix

Important Notes

PHP must be compiled with ZTS (Zend Thread Safety) support
ext-parallel must be installed and enabled
Closures passed to parallel tasks cannot use yield, declare classes, or declare named functions
Values passed between tasks must be serializable
Always close Runtime instances when done to free resources

Checking ZTS Support

php -v | grep ZTS

If ZTS is not shown, you need to recompile PHP with the --enable-zts flag.

License

MIT License. See LICENSE file for details.

duyler/parallel

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